USE OF LORAZEPAM IN A CASE OF CATATONIA: CASE REPORT

Abstract

Catatonia, a condition characterized by abnormalities in speech, movement, and behavior. This article emphasizes the importance of differential diagnosis between malignant catatonia, depressive disorders, and delirium. It involves a case of Lorazepam use for the treatment of catatonia secondary to depression with psychotic symptoms. Initially, a literature review was conducted using the PubMed platform, and through access to the available medical records, a study of the clinical case was performed with annotations for subsequent clinical correlation with the literature. The case was chosen due to the scarcity of data in established literature on the subject. For the evaluation and classification of catatonia, the Bush Francis Scale adapted for Portuguese was used. The patient received treatment with Lorazepam, Mirtazapine, and Risperidone to address depressive and psychotic symptoms. Lorazepam, the most investigated medication, was administered in doses ranging from 2 to 16 mg/day, reaching 3 mg/day in the patient in question, resulting in symptom remission within 30 days. The duration of therapy varies from a single dose administration to continuous treatment while catatonic symptoms persist. The positive response to low-dose Lorazepam assisted in the diagnosis of catatonia. It underscores the need for an interdisciplinary approach and personalized treatment to meet the individual needs of patients. Additionally, early recognition and prompt intervention are crucial to prevent adverse outcomes associated with catatonia. There is a need for future research and case reports to enhance the understanding and treatment of catatonia.